Young Adults With Bipolar Disorders - 1171 Words

Young Adults with Bipolar Disorders Anjana Muralidharan Emory University School of Medicine Abstract In this study researchers investigated and sample many young adult’s ages (18-40 yrs.) with bipolar disorders found them to associate with Behavioral Approach System (BAS). The Behavioral Approach System (BAS) dysregulation including emotional reactivity to negative feedback and schemas and self-criticism/perfectionism. There were twenty- two young adults with bipolar I disorder and 22 matched did a survey and an interview giving back false feedback. Participants exhibited levels (p = 0.001) of self-criticism and tread towards greater decrease I positive affect after negative feedback (p = 0.053), even control by mood symptoms.†¦show more content†¦This illness can be so severe some people can suffer for years before they are properly diagnosed and treat it is a long term illness that can be taken care of throughout your entire life. Researchers shows that family environment is a very contextual factor and that influences the course of bipolar illness. High levels of Expressed Emotions (EE) can worsen a person with bipolar disorder and the lack of amount of family environment that has been spent in a relationship with a family member, predicts poor clinical course for individuals with bipolar disorder. The (EE) interacts with the course of bipolar illness are unrecognizable it is possible that (EE) interacts with important psychobiological system that is thought to be dysregulated in individuals with bipolar disorder: the Behavioral Approach System (BAS). They are trying to discover the relationship between family members and the Behavioral Approach System (BAS) sensitivity in the bipolar disorder. The (BAS) dysregulation model of bipolar disorder, is characterized by emotional reactivity to reward and a tendency to emphasize goal achievement and avoid failure this system is a positive affective response being generated and thus behavior is further positively reinforced. Many individuals with bipolar disorder tend to exhibit cognitive styles mar ked by higher levels of perfectionism and self-criticism than control between bipolar

The Right to Die with Dignity and without Pain - 758 Words

Dr. Jack Kevorkian was charged with second-degree murder and served an eight year prison sentence. (Fridstein. 1). This accomplished physician graduated from the University of Michigan with an impressively high IQ. He was a writer, inventor, movie producer and classical composer. (Kevorkian). Why would a man so intelligent and successful end up in jail for murder? Well believe or not he purposely challenged the legal system in a one man crusade to ignite a national discussion on the subjects of assisted suicide, Euthanasia and one’s constitutional right to choose. Euthanasia is a medical procedure that involves a person being induced with a soothing, relaxing medicine that allows them a peaceful passing. Dr. Kevorkian’s attorney, Geoffrey Fieger, summed it up best when he said, We’re just talking about the right not of children and not of mentally incompetent people but the right of mentally competent adults to make decisions about their own bodies as to how much suffering they have to undergo.† (Kevorkian). Euthanasia is not for people experiencing temporary illness or unhappiness. It’s for people who are imprisoned by their own unbearable physical pain for the rest of their lives with no way out. Is it fair to not give those people a choice? Is it fair to make them slowly deteriorate while losing their dignity? I think not. That is why I support euthanasia being legalized, â€Å"Dying is not a crime.† (Fridstein. 1). It’s understandable that some of us are bound by religiousShow MoreRelatedNo Conditions And Laws Should Be Implemented For Safety1624 Words   |  7 Pages Joseph Rodrigues 12/10/15 Ms. Wright English 12 Although certain conditions and laws should be implemented for safety, Death with Dignity acts should be an option for the suffering patient. In order to enable terminally ill patients the ability to relieve their pain and lift the financial burden on those ill and their loved ones. Terminally ill individuals experiencing agonizing illnesses, with a predicted lifespan of six months or less, have little or no control over their lives and deathsRead MoreEssay Euthanasia1740 Words   |  7 PagesEuthanasia The right to die with dignity, euthanasia and physician assisted suicide is a very sensitive issue debated in this country today. Euthanasia is the act of painlessly ending the life of a person for the reason of mercy. It is sometimes referred to as mercy killing. Americans are hearing more and more horror stories of the elderly tragically killing his or her spouse in order to avoid painful and horrible deaths. It is sad and amazing the extreme measure one had to go throughRead MorePersuasive Speech On Euthanasia1012 Words   |  5 PagesImagine this, you are lying in your death bed, enduring unimaginable excruciating pain, and you are only surviving with needles pumping substances in and out of you, day and night, while your life is slowly being snuffed out. Would you die slowly, experiencing inhuman suffer knowing that you can never escape the inevitable, living in fear of tomorrow, or would you choose to die a quick, painless and dignified death. And this choice introduces m e to my speech topic – why should euthanasia be legalizedRead MoreThe Issue Of The Euthanasia1349 Words   |  6 Pagesbut later after noticing the impact of her illness decided to move to Oregon, a state in which a person can â€Å"Die With Dignity.† With her decision many people believed that what she was doing was immoral, Brittany had now interfered with God’s will, she’s also messing with the natural way. This caused backlashed and sparked many debates on wheatear or not Britany Maynard should have the right to pretty much kill herself. Another impactful correlation to this topic, were the T.V episodes that we watchedRead MoreThe Ethics Of Physician Assisted Suicide926 Words   |  4 PagesCharlotte Fitzmaurice Wise was watching her daughter Nancy Fitzmaurice suffer from pain. She was born with Hydrocephalus and septicaemia which made it impossible for her to walk, talk, eat or drink. She required around the clock care and was fed through tubes. As time went on her health worsened and she would scream in pain even though she was injected with morphine. Wise believed that her daughter was in excruciating pain and deserved to be at peace. Wise submitted an application to end her daughter’sRead MoreEuthanasia And The Right Of Life And Euthanasia1558 Words   |  7 PagesTo speak of Right to Life and Euthanasia, first it should be defined by at least two notions: Euthanasia and the Right to Life, the first are definitions as those shown below: Some authors see that the concept or the notion of Euthanasia is too ambiguous, which can lead us to understand very different and even contradictory things. Let s refer to it: 1. A normed use: Death without physical suffering or which causes voluntarily Another use is the Factual painless death or death in a stateRead MoreEuthanasia . Your Elderly Grandmother Had Recently Contracted1094 Words   |  5 Pageseuthanasia as an ultimatum for the near future. She wishes to die with dignity but most of her family members don’t support her. Would you? Voluntary euthanasia has to be legalised because not only do humans have the right to live, they also have the right to die. There are numerous arguments as to why euthanasia is moral and needs to be law. Euthanasia, being a controversial subject of debate, seemingly meddles with human’s essential right to live but what anti-euthanasia enthusiasts fail to realiseRead MoreThe Death With Dignity Act1281 Words   |  6 PagesThe Death with Dignity Act was first put into use in Oregon in 1997, and was used to insure terminally ill patients had the right to decide how much suffering they endure; not the government. Since then there have been similar acts passed in California, Vermont, and Washington. Death with Dignity laws allow terminally-ill patients, who are mentally competent, choose to take medication that quickens their death. Euthanasia, or physician assisted suicide, is a very uncomfortable and very controversialRead MoreThe Rights Of Assisted Suicide Essay1584 Words   |  7 PagesThe Right To Die With Dignity Assisted suicide is the act of committing suicide with the help of another person or doctor, most commonly referred to as Physician Assisted Suicide. It is currently legal in Oregon, Washington, Vermont, Montana, California, and Colorado. Considering the increase of people dying from terminal illnesses, assisted suicide should be legalized across the nation. People that suffer from a terminal illness that can’t be cured or treated and will result in death have the rightRead MoreThe Death Of Assisted Suicide1394 Words   |  6 Pagesor shots, to help end suffering in those whose pain and/or diseases cannot be healed. By making physician assisted suicide legal, we can reduce the pain of those individuals who suffer in some circumstances. In the states of Oregon, Montana, Washington, New Jersey, and Vermont, this option is already legal, but many more states still need to come to this decision so that chronically ill and suffering people can choose to end their misery and pai n rather suffer long and drawn out painful deaths

History of Music Education Greek, Roman and Egyptian Essay Example For Students

History of Music Education: Greek, Roman and Egyptian Essay Think of a flute. By contrast to todays auditory technology, it seems like such a simple instrument; a long rod with holes in it to pass air through creating sound. So simple in fact, a flute may have been the first musical instrument I history. A in Southern Germany, a flute similar to the one youre thinking of was found, only this flute is thought to be 35,000 years old. L This flutes story, unlike its build, is anything but simple. This flute is thought to be the mark of civilization of the Paleolithic era. It, and the music it creates is an example of a human civilization going from merely reviving, to thriving, a pattern that would live on throughout human history. Seen through comparative analysis of Greek, Roman, and Egyptian timeliness; societies focus on music as well as music education marks the height of that civilizations academic, economic and spiritual existence. We can begin where many ideas in history have begun, in Ancient Greece. Eternally a stronghold of western civilization and topic of many a history lecture, Ancient Greece is a prime example of music marking the height of a nations society. In the precious time after the Persian Wars, UT before the onset of the Peloponnesus Wars, Greece experienced what is known as the Golden Age or Classical Age of Greece. 2 While the Golden Age was literally named after the detailed statues and intricate pottery work found from that time in Greek history, the name also serves as a strong and accurate connotative meaning. It was during this age Greece, as well as Greek music, was at its peak. 3 Just as Greek government was pioneering the new use of democracy, Greek society was experimenting with a whole new perspective on music. What had previously mostly en use for official military matters and exclusive celebrations was now being seen as an art; music became mainstream. Most music of the time was monophonic, it wasnt usually written out but learned by ear or taught by example, later to be advanced by philosophers and students. 4 But it was the concept of musics integration into every day society that revealed Graces rise to being a great civilization. Greece as a nation was no longer Just trying to sustain life and gain land, they had moved past that onto exploring new ideas and wondering about the universe and their own existence. There were now artistic standards to be taught and followed, ones that would last for a sizeable denomination of Western Civilization. Athens, the capitol of Greece, led the forefront of the musical as well as educational focuses. Being the cultural and educational center of the world at the time, it would only make sense. In Athens, the great philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle studied and theorized about music, further regulating the art and more importantly making it considered a significant part of society. Plato in particular strongly stressed musics role in education, he himself being a teacher. He believed music education, both vocal and instrumental, was necessary to strengthen the minds of his students. Being a student of Plato, Aristotle followed these ideas while inputting his own. Aristotle endorsed the concept of music as an enjoyable art, History of Music Education: Greek, Roman and Egyptian By Contradictorily taught) music took center stage in many classroom debates and Socratic seminars. The Academy students were taught music as an important art, and spread this idea across Greece as The Academy was one of the most influential institutions of the early civilization, touching the minds of many and spreading the concepts and ideas through the youth. 5 No matter their styles, the two philosophers ideas on everything; politics, science, philosophy and of course music, were known to be true in all of Greece, cementing music education as a prime part off blossoming society. Later in Greek history, music was fully involved in society, and reached a communicable base with the help of Pythagoras. Importance of Sex Education EssayThe New Kingdom is characterized by the incredible wealth collected by the Pharaohs due to successful foreign control that was spread through the land. This wealth and remote stability was responsible for several of the great pyramids, extravagant tombs and rich decorations of the time, rendering the New Kingdom Egypt strongest point in ancient history. 10 Percussion instruments such as drums and bells were popular and usually served one specific purpose. Egypt was also well tuned with reed instruments; ancient flutes and clarinets made of intricate parallel deed pipes played with mouthpieces and finger holes. With the glamour of the time, instruments were not Just instruments, they were commonly decorated to suit whatever their purpose or event was. Just like the tombs and pyramids, Egyptian instruments were an expression of the culture of the time. Along with the well-known architectural and monumental feats of the New Kingdom, the fine arts took full advantage of this new grand period of Egyptian history. Unlike most other early cultures, attributes of the time were well documented with actual pictures, and the art of the time was portrayed in both walls and scrolls. L While not much is known about the musical composition of the time, there is immense knowledge about the musical instruments used. Instruments of the New Kingdom ranged from as simple as the human hand clapping to a beat to as complicated as string instruments resembling the modern harp. Not much is known about early Egyptian instruments, partially for lack of documentation and partially for lack of existence. It was only when an influx of wealth and cultural superiority cam to Egypt in the New Kingdom hat music was embraced and recorded. Musical involvement in an Egyptian society increased with the economic and political power Egypt had, leading to a richer and more intellectual culture. The use of music and education of the art directly correlated with an increase of extensive burial and wedding ceremonies and impressive social and political events. 12 Be it Greek education, Roman Expansion or Egyptian riches, music, and music education is most relevant in a civilization at the height of its existence. The study of ancient of ancient civilizations can also teach us lot about our modern world, and music education is no exception. Even today in the United States, the pattern of what a society is focused on depends on its economic and political status continues Just like it did in Greece, Rome, and Egypt. Faced with a twenty first century recession and heavily disputed political system, Americas focus on music and music education is dwindling. It is a known fact that when a school or after school program doesnt have sufficient funding, music and coir programs are usually the first to go. In a recession such as the one we are currently in the midst of, education, presumably for fear of not being able to find work in creative fields. While newspaper articles, official debates and even local news are focused on universal healthcare, foreign relations and the constant worry of employment rates, music is being left behind. It is simply a matter of focus. As a product of evolution, our priorities lay in doing what it takes to survive, and as with all other times in history, that of course does not include music or its teaching. When the going gets tough, the tough forget about he arts, but luckily, when a civilization is at its greatest, music and USIA education shine.

Obesity In America Essay Example For Students

Obesity In America Essay America as we know it includes a vast network of representative governments. During the colonial period of early America, Virginia was the first to introduce a representative assembly. This first glimpse of democracy influenced the shape of America today. It eventually caused the colonies to drift away from monarchial England, and to establish a democratic government. Ironically, from this government, slavery and racism sprouted. In an attempt to make Virginia a more pleasant place to live, the governor was instructed to create an assembly with the power to make laws. The assembly included two members from each plantation to serve as burgesses, or representatives. Convening in 1619 it became the first colonial, representative body (p.13). This was a significant step in the formation of America. A group of men representing the residents of a particular land would make laws that were meant for them. This was democracy at its earliest stage in America. Everywhere one goes today in America, there is democracy. Whether a church council, school club or the state general assembly, a representative group is always present. Democracy shapes America. One could view the first democratic group responsible for todays freedom. This was the assembly formed by George Yeardly (p.13). Perhaps, if the Virginia Company had not instructed the governor to establish an assembly, the idea of democracy might not have instilled into the minds of the colonists. Surely, without this first appearance, it is questionable that an idea suppressed for centuries under the English monarchy would surface anywhere else. Moreover, it led the way for other settlements to adopt a similar code. Another way the representative body shaped America was slavery. Most representatives approved slavery and practiced it. The early burgesses of the Virginian assembly received land as their pay wages (p.14). They needed people to work their newly acquired lands. Therefore, indentured servants were common on their plantations. The whole idea of indentured servants and their later inadequacy eventually led to the flood of black slaves to America. Because these representatives owned servants and slaves themselves, slavery was easily passed into law. It has a huge impact on the racial tension in America today. Because of the representative government approved slavery, it existed in America. Virginias first representative body helped form present America because it set an example of democracy for other colonies and broke from the common practice of lordship and monarchy. It eventually caused the colonies to drift away from monarchial England. If not for this first, the shape of America today would look much different. Words/ Pages : 419 / 24

Population Standard Deviation free essay sample

REVIEW EXERCISES CHAPTER 8 AND 9 PROFESSOR JONAS WIU-RES BY DEBRA JAMES CHAPTER 8 1. High temperature in the United States a meteorologist claims that the average of the highest temperatures in the united states in 98. A random sample of 50 cities is selected, and the highest temperatures are recorded. The data are shown. At a=0. 05 can the claim be rejected? a=7. 7 97, 101, 99, 99, 100, 94, 87, 99, 108, 93, 96, 88, 98, 97,88, 105, 97, 96, 98, 102, 99, 94, 96, 114, 99, 96, 98, 97, 91, 98, 80, 95, 98, 96, 80, 95, 88, 99, 102, 95, 101, 94, 92, 99, 101, 97, 94, 97, 102, 61. The claim can be rejected; correct answer may be either above 98 or below it. 2. Salaries for Actuaries nationwide graduates entering the actuarial field earn $40,000. A college placement officer feels that this number is too low. She surveys 36 graduates entering the actuarial field and finds the average salary to be $41,000. The population standard deviation is $3000. Can her claim be supported at 0. 05? x? =14. 7, ? x? =13. 77, ox? =5. 34, n=29, ? =. 01 3. Monthly Home Rent. The average monthly rent for a one bedroom in San Francisco is $ 1229. A random sample of 15 one bedroom homes about 15 miles outside of San Francisco had a mean rent of 50. We will write a custom essay sample on Population Standard Deviation or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The population standard deviation is $250. At a=0. 05 can we conclude that the monthly rent outside San Francisco differs from that in the city? 4. 5. Federal Prison Populations nationally 60. 2% of federal prisons are severing time for drug offenses. A warden feels that in his prisons the percentage is even higher. He surveys 400 inmates records and finds that 260 of the inmates are drug offenders at a=0. 5 is this correct? CHAPTER 9 1. Driving for pleasure two groups of drivers is surveyed to see how many miles per week they drive for pleasure trips. The data are shown at a=0. 01 can it be conducted that single drivers do more driving for pleasure trips on average than married drivers? Assume =16. 7 and =16. 1 Level of significance a = 0. 05, we reject the null hypothesis. This means there is a significant difference between There is not sufficient evidence to conclude. 2. Communication times according to the bureau of labor statistics American time use survey married persons spend an average of 8 minutes per day on phones calls, mail and email, while single persons spend an average of 14 minutes per day on these same tasks. Based on the following information is there sufficient evidence to conclude that single persons spend, on average a greater time each day communicating? Use the 0. 05 level of significance. There is not enough information to actual average salary. In each of the following At the 0. 05 level, does this show sufficient evidence to conclude . Teachers’ Salaries a sample of 15 teachers from Rhode Island has an average salary of $35,270, with a standard deviation of $3256. A sample of 30 teachers from New York has an average salary of $29,512, with a standard deviation of $ 1431. Is there a significant difference in teachers’ salaries between the two states? Use a = 0. 02. Find the 98% confidence interval for the diffe rence of the two means. H0: ? 1 ? 2 = 3000 H1: ? 1 ? 2 ? 3000 where, H0 is the null hypothesis, d = 3000 For hypothesis testing on two means with known variances: ? = [(X1 X2) d] / {v[ (? 1? n1) + (? 2? / n2) ] } where, X1 and X2 are the two sample means ?1 and ? 2 are the two sample standard deviations n1 and n2 are the two sample sizes In this case, X1 = 35,270 X2 = 29,512 ?1 = 3,256 ?2 = 1,432 n1 = 36 n2 = 49 d = 3,000 Plug these values into the above equation to obtain: ? = 4. 756 For a significance level of 2. 5% (i. e. 0. 025), Z = 2. 24 Since ? Z at the 2. 5% significance level, the null hypothesis is rejected meaning that the data does not support the idea that a Rhode Island Teachers mean salary is $3,000 more than a New York Teachers mean salary. . High and Low Temperatures – March is a month of variable weather in the northeast. The chart below records the actual high and low temperatures for a selection of days in March from the weather reports for Pittsburgh Pennsylvania. At the 0. 01 level of significance is there sufficient evidence to conclude that there is more than a 10% difference between average highs and lows? Professor Jonas, I have not had a good time with this assignment, it is very hard working with one hand.

The History and Legacy of Project Mercury

The History and Legacy of Project Mercury For people who were living in the 1950s and 1960s, the Space Race was an exciting time when people were venturing out from Earths surface and heading to the Moon, and hopefully beyond. It officially began when the Soviet Union beat the U.S. into space with the Sputnik mission in 1957 and with the first man into orbit in 1961. The U.S. scrambled to catch up, and the first human crews went to space as part of the Mercury program. The program goals were fairly simple, although the missions were quite challenging. Mission aims were to orbit a person in a spacecraft around Earth,  investigate a humans ability to function in space, and to recover both astronaut and spacecraft safely. It was a formidable challenge and it affected the scientific, technological, and educational establishments of both the U.S. and the Soviets. The Origins of Space Travel and the Mercury Program While the Space Race got started in 1957, it had roots much earlier in history. No one is exactly sure when humans first dreamed of space travel. Perhaps it began when  Johannes Kepler  wrote and published his  book Somnium. However, it wasnt until the middle of the 20th century that technology developed to the point where people could actually transform ideas about flight and rockets into hardware to achieve space flight. Initiated in 1958, completed in 1963, Project Mercury became the United Statess first man-in-space program. Creating the Mercury Missions After setting goals for the project, the newly formed NASA adopted guidelines for the technology that would be used in the space launch systems and crew capsules. The agency mandated that (wherever it was practical), existing technology and off-the-shelf equipment should be used. Engineers were required to take the simplest and most reliable approaches to system design. This meant that existing rockets would be used to take the capsules into orbit. Those rockets were based on captured designs from the Germans, who had designed and deployed them during World War II.   Finally, the agency set up a progressive and logical test program for the missions. The spacecraft had to be built tough enough to withstand a great deal of wear and tear during launch, flight, and return. It also had to have a reliable launch-escape system to separate the spacecraft and its crew from the launch vehicle in case of impending failure. This meant that the pilot had to have manual control of the craft, the spacecraft had to have a retrorocket system capable of reliably providing the necessary impulse to bring the spacecraft out of orbit, and its design would allow it to use drag braking for re-entry. The spacecraft also had to be able to withstand a water landing because, unlike the Russians, NASA planned to splash its capsules down in the ocean.   Although most of this was accomplished with off-the-shelf equipment or through the direct application of existing technology, two new technologies had to be developed. Those were an automatic blood-pressure measuring system for use in flight, and instruments to sense the partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the oxygen atmosphere of the cabin and space suits. Mercurys Astronauts The Mercury program leaders decided that the military services would provide the pilots for this new endeavor. After screening more than 500 service records of test and fighter pilots in early 1959, 110 men were found that met the minimum standards. By the middle of April Americas first seven astronauts were selected, and they became known as the Mercury 7. They were Scott Carpenter,  L. Gordon Cooper,  John H. Glenn Jr.,  Virgil I. Gus Grissom,  Walter H. Wally Schirra Jr.,  Alan B. Shepard Jr., and  Donald K. Deke Slayton The Mercury Missions The Mercury Project consisted of several unmanned test missions as well as a number of missions taking pilots into space. The first one to fly was Freedom  7, carrying Alan B. Shepard into a suborbital flight,on May 5, 1961. He was followed by Virgil Grissom, who piloted the Liberty Bell 7 into a suborbital flight on July 21, 1961. The next Mercury mission flew on February 20, 1962, carrying John Glenn into a three-orbit flight aboard Friendship 7.  Following Glenns historic flight, astronaut Scott Carpenter rode Aurora 7 into orbit on May 24, 1962, followed by Wally Schirra aboard Sigma 7 on October 3, 1962. Schirras mission lasted six orbits. The final Mercury mission took Gordon Cooper into a 22-orbit track around Earth aboard Faith 7 on May 15-16, 1963. At the end of the Mercury era, with its technology proven, NASA prepared to move forward with the Gemini missions. These were planned as preparation for the Apollo missions to the Moon. The astronauts and ground teams for the Mercury missions proved that people could fly safely to space and return, and laid the groundwork for much of the technology and mission practices followed by NASA to this day.   Edited and updated by Carolyn Collins Petersen.

Debates on obamacare Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Debates on obamacare - Term Paper Example According to this act, approximately 44 million Americans are currently unable to access health insurance. The aim of Obama care is to help this people get health insurance by expanding Medicare and Medicaid. From this sense, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights is the motivational factor behind this document and not the American Constitution (Pipes 29). The Act established that every citizen has a right to Health Care as a public good, not an asset and thus the U.S health care system must aim at fulfilling the following principles. Universality where each American has the human right to access health care and accountability as the first priority in the responsibilities of the U.S government. Equity, which provides that all the benefits and contributions be distributed fairly to develop a system that favors everyone (Pipes 45). Reasoned arguments for government programs to ensure that everyone has access to affordable health care Utilitarianism provides that promotion of welfare is  the most important, and that the society should be organized in such a way that would best obtain individuals' well being. It justifies the huge redistribution of wealth to the poor. Futilitarians do not consider historical facts to be important, but their influence on justice verdicts are derived purely from what the future holds for people. Utilitarianism gives equal weight to the interests of each individual, so that burdens may be placed on the one with greater benefits. To shy away from this fact is to give more priority to the lesser important issues at the expense of the greater ones, which is to treat the former citizen's interests as more essential as compared to the latter's. To them, justice calls for equal concern for everyone, which in turn requires the kind of weighing and balancing between a life’s applied by the prudent person in accepting a current cost for the sake of a greater, future benefit (Pipes 48-9). From a utilitarian view, Obama care is a ben eficial policy since it is an improvement of earlier laws and it is aimed at increasing the total utility and happiness in the state. In earlier years, the American government did not provide that insurance companies justify the rise in prices, which was a huge opportunity for private companies to exploit citizens and charge very high premiums for insurance policies. The new law of Obama care will ensure that the government implements its "exchange option," subsidize health insurance for a number of them, and require insurance companies to announce publicly and justify any increases to premiums of over ten percent. This will enable a closer look into the operations of the actions of a company, leading to reasonable prices and a higher quality of health care providers. Apart from decreasing the prices, Obama care will offer more extensive and accessible Medicare and health care to those people who could not afford it in prior times. If health care is made available to many people, th en there will be a possibility of regular health care that will bring about happiness and utility. As much as a libertarian would consider that Obamacare restrict the freedom of American citizens and thus is no better than the earlier law, which put forward that the unhappiness of the minority would